Cellulose insulation turns waste paper into a loose, vapour-open insulant. Designers use it in timber-frame walls, roofs and lofts, and in other closed cavities.
This guide sets out what the standards, assessments and EPDs say, and where they stop. Most performance figures come from manufacturers, so we label them as such.
What is cellulose insulation and how is it made?
Recycled paper and mineral additives
The Isocell EPD gives the composition as 92 % recovered paper and 8 % mineral flame retardants. Boric acid stays at or below 3.5 % of the product.[4] The ECIA collective EPD gives ranges: 85–95 % recovered paper and 5–15 % inorganic retardants.[3] Warmcel's datasheet names boric acid and magnesium sulphate as the mineral additives.[5] The paper share is a manufacturer figure in every case. The Isocell EPD lists it under base materials, not as a tested content.
Blown, dense-packed or sprayed
Machines blow the fibre into place. In open lofts it lies freely. In closed wall and roof cavities it is packed to a higher density, which is what trade usage calls dense-pack. DIBt's assessment lists the intended uses: closed cavities in timber-frame walls, cavities between rafters and beams, accessible horizontal surfaces up to 10° pitch, and floor cavities.[1] Damp spraying is also possible. Water or binder is added, and the ETA requires most of the water to evaporate before the cavity is closed.[1][5]
How does cellulose insulation perform?
Thermal conductivity and density
Declared values sit close together: 0.037 (Isocell) and 0.038 W/(m·K) (Climacell, Warmcel, ECIA average).[2][1][5][3] DIBt states that the Climacell value is representative of at least 90 % of production at a 90 % confidence level, and that national rules set the design value.[1] Isocell's brochure shows the effect: 0.038 for Austria and the EU, 0.039 for Germany and 0.037 for Switzerland (a manufacturer claim).[8] Certified values can be higher: see the ACERMI figures below. Density matters. In a 2016 study of loose-fill cellulose by Vilnius Tech authors, the report says that conductivity depends on density, structure, moisture and temperature.[9] A 2023 test of ten insulation materials made from recycled cellulosic and animal waste, among them two waste-paper cellulose products from two manufacturers, found that more density usually lowered conductivity, with exceptions.[10] Both findings come from abstracts.
Settlement
Loose fill settles, and the assessments set density floors. Climacell's ETA lists settling of up to 11 % under impact for free-lying layers at 30 kg/m³ or more, and class SC 0 (1 % or less) under vibration in walls at 45 kg/m³ or more.[1] Isocell's DoP lists SC 0 at 38 kg/m³ and SH 10 at 40 kg/m³.[2] Warmcel's datasheet advises installing 10–15 % extra depth in open lofts to meet the target settled U-value.[5] A peer-reviewed paper on settlement in walls reports a method to predict the density that prevents settling. Full-scale wall tests, for one material, one cavity configuration and one set of exposures, gave predictions of the right magnitude.[11] For lofts, the ETA takes the nominal thickness as the installed thickness minus 20 %.[1]
Moisture and mould
The material is hygroscopic and the ETA applies only where it is protected from precipitation and wetting.[1] Climacell's conversion factor for moisture is 1.02 from dry to 50 % RH.[1] The same 2023 study reports that under low humidity the tested materials did not release all absorbed water, which the authors say could favour mould. It reports relative resistance to the two moulds tested but points to a need for intensified biocidal treatment. These findings cover all ten materials, not cellulose loose fill alone.[10] Against that, the Climacell ETA and the Isocell DoP report mould resistance level 0.[1][2] Water absorption, hygroscopic sorption and critical moisture content are marked "no performance assessed" in the Climacell ETA.[1]
Heat storage and sound
Warmcel's datasheet lists a specific heat capacity of 2,020 J/(kg·K) ±6 %.[5] We found no independent measurement of summer overheating for cellulose roofs. The Climacell ETA records no performance assessed for sound absorption, and Isocell's DoP lists it as npd (no performance determined).[1][2]
How does cellulose insulation behave in fire?
The answer depends on the build-up. For Climacell, DIBt assigns Euroclass E at an installation density of 30–65 kg/m³. It assigns B-s2, d0 only for dry-blown fill at 40–65 kg/m³ used between or on wood-based boards of at least 10 mm and 510 kg/m³ (insulation thickness at least 180 mm), or on A1 or A2-s1, d0 substrates.[1] Isocell's DoP gives E for 40 mm up to 100 mm and B-s2, d0 from 100 mm.[2] Warmcel's datasheet states C-s1, d0 for the dry material, B-s1, d0 when sprayed with one named binder and D-s2, d0 with another.[5] Warmcel's declaration of performance of 20 June 2016, which cites its ETA, states only Class E, so treat the datasheet classes as unverified claims until you see a classification report.[22] Classes follow EN 13501-1.[7]
The retardants are mineral additives. The fire classification applies to the product as tested, so check the end-use conditions in the assessment against your detail. We did not find a recent peer-reviewed study on smouldering of European cellulose products and do not claim one.
How much carbon does cellulose insulation hold?
What the EPDs show
Both EPDs follow EN 15804+A2 and run from cradle to grave with module D. The Isocell EPD attributes no impact to producing the recovered paper, because the paper reaches end-of-waste status after sorting, so A1 is mostly the biogenic carbon credit.[4] Per kg, A1 is −1.45 kg CO₂e and C3 (incineration) is +1.53. Biogenic carbon in the product is 0.406 kg C per kg.[4] The ECIA EPD reports the same pattern: A1 −1.28, C3 +1.22, C4 +0.139, and module D −0.386.[3] Our arithmetic from the module values: A1+A2+A3 is −1.45 + 0.048 − 0.021 = −1.42 kg CO₂e per kg for Isocell (fossil +0.13, biogenic −1.55) and −1.28 + 0.042 − 0.038 = −1.28 for ECIA (fossil +0.16, biogenic −1.43).[4][3]
ECIA also converts results to 1 m² at R = 7 m²·K/W. An open attic (32 kg/m³, 266 mm) shows A1 at −11.0 kg CO₂e and A3 at −0.328. A pitched roof (49.0 kg/m³, 266 mm, R 7) and a 133 mm wall at R 3.5 (50.7 kg/m³) use higher densities.[3] Isocell's EPD gives the product mass for R 7: 9.0 kg/m² in an attic, 13.8 in a pitched roof and 14.6 in a wall.[4]
Read the number with care
The negative total is a modelling convention for stored biogenic carbon. The Isocell EPD assumes 100 % incineration with energy recovery. The ECIA EPD assumes a country-weighted mix of incineration with energy recovery, landfill and a small share of recycling. Both say reuse or recycling is possible but not yet mainstream (Isocell: in Germany; ECIA: in Europe).[4][3] The ECIA EPD is a collective declaration for 15 sites, owned by the trade association and checked by one independent verifier. We saw no programme operator named in it.[3] The Isocell EPD is an IBU declaration, verified externally.[4] Do not compare totals with EPDs that use different functional units or rules.
Which standards and certificates apply?
EN 15101-1 is the product standard for in-situ formed loose-fill cellulose before installation. It covers characteristics, testing, marking and conformity. Products above 0.060 W/(m·K) or below 0.25 m²·K/W are outside its scope.[6] The suppliers in our table declare performance through a European Technical Assessment, issued under EAD 040138-01-1201 (Climacell) and EAD 040138-00-1201 (Isocell).[1][2][12] Installation is controlled: the Climacell ETA requires installers trained by the manufacturer and a certificate for each installation.[1]
In France, the ACERMI scheme certifies bulk cellulose. Its guideline requires thermal conductivity or resistance to be certified, and covers the product as delivered, not the installed result.[13] ACERMI's public certificate list, valid on 8 October 2026, includes cellulose products from Isocell France (certificate 12/D/151/779/10, the Isocell F range), Igloo France, Cellaouate, Isofloc AG and Isoproc, and shows no certificate held by CWA, CIUR or ISOCELL GmbH & Co KG. For the Isocell F range ACERMI certifies λD 0.039 W/(m·K) for blowing and 0.041 for injection and damp spraying, against 0.037 in the Austrian DoP; certification and the ETA are separate assessments, and the French range is a different variant of the product.[13]
Where is cellulose insulation used, and what are the limits?
Lofts and accessible roof spaces
Best for: architects · self-builders
Open blowing suits horizontal layers at 30–50 kg/m³.[1] Allow for settlement.[1][5] The Climacell ETA also requires the ventilation openings and the ventilation space above the layer to be respected.[1]
Timber-frame walls and roof cavities
Best for: architects · timber-frame designers
Walls need 45–60 kg/m³ in the Climacell ETA, with control drillings to confirm the cavity is full.[1] The facing must allow moisture to evaporate if the fill is damp-applied.[1]
Dust, boric acid and site health
Best for: contractors · specifiers
A US National Toxicology Program report characterised bulk cellulose insulation from four US manufacturers: mostly amorphous cellulose with fire retardants and a respirable fraction below 0.1 %. In an exposure assessment at 10 US contractors, workers reported nasal and eye symptoms and morning phlegm. In rats, a single instilled dose caused minimal to mild, non-progressive lung changes over 28 days, and the NTP concluded that more animal studies were not warranted at this time, while noting that the work covered acute exposure only and does not rule out toxicity from chronic exposure.[14] The report is dated August 2006 and its samples are American, so we cannot say whether they match current European products. Specify dust control and respiratory protection for blowing.
Product and industrial designers
Best for: product designers
We found no sourced data on cellulose insulation in product design.
Where has cellulose insulation been used in real projects?
The three projects below are documented by an architects' institute, a trade body and a project case study. We found no independent monitoring of the insulation itself.
Silver Bark House, Northern Ireland
Architect: Marshall McCann Architects · RIBA awards 2025
RIBA's award page says unusually thick walls and roofs are insulated with cellulose, in a timber-structure house designed to Passivhaus standards. The page's summary also mentions wood fibre insulation, and it gives no build-up.[15]
Kendal Passivhaus
Designer: Andrew Yeats, Ecoarc · date not stated on the ASBP page
The ASBP case study says the walls have Gutex wood fibre outside the studs and cellulose fibre between them, giving a wall U-value of 0.103 W/m²K. It reports certification to Passivhaus standards.[16] A trade-press article of 9 September 2015 describes a Kendal house by the same three firms with the same airtightness ranking, which appears to be this project; it says the timber-frame panels were pre-filled with Warmcel and does not say the house was certified.[21]
Treetops Passivhaus, Forest of Dean
Designer and builder: Passiframe · case study dated 14 May 2011
The case study names Warmcel cellulose fibre insulation in a Passiframe timber frame. It states the house was awaiting Passivhaus certification and reports 0.21 ACH airtightness.[17]
Where to buy cellulose insulation in Europe
Suppliers selected by our editors and checked against company documents and certificate records where available.
| Supplier | Products | Country | Certifications |
|---|---|---|---|
| ISOCELL GmbH und Co KG | Isocell loose-fill cellulose (several trade names) | Austria (own plants in Austria, Germany, Belgium and Sweden, per the brochure)[8] | IBU EPD-ISC-20240568-CCA1-EN, issued 02/05/2025, valid to 01/05/2030, per the EPD, and listed as published in IBU's public register (seen 8 October 2026).[4] ETA-06/0076 (dated 08.05.2018 in the DoP; the EOTA listing shows version 1, issued 07/05/2018, assessment body OIB, holder Zellulosedämmstoffproduktion CPH Beteiligungs GmbH & Co KG) and DoP 2023BE01 of 26.06.2023. EOTA listing seen 8 October 2026.[2][12] ACERMI certificate 12/D/151/779/10 is held by ISOCELL FRANCE for the Isocell F range (see standards).[13] Isocell also lists "Isocell 2.0", described in its registry entry as boric-free: ETA 25/0127 (EOTA: version 1, 20/05/2025, holder Isocell GmbH, OIB) and International EPD System registration EPD-IES-0026861:001 (status Valid, 2026-03-06 to 2031-03-06, seen 8 October 2026). We read neither document, so no figure on this page applies to it.[20] |
| CWA Cellulose Werk Angelbachtal | Climacell range | Germany | ETA-08/0009 of 26 April 2021, issued by DIBt (document read in full). EOTA's register of currently valid ETAs lists it as version 2 of 26/04/2021, holder CWA, EAD 040138-01-1201 (seen 8 October 2026).[1][12] Named as a participant in the ECIA EPD.[3] |
| CIUR a.s. (Warmcel) | Warmcel loose fill | Czech Republic | Datasheet dated 21 November 2016 with no certificate number. Declaration of performance 014CPR2016-06-20-CLIM of 20 June 2016, citing ETA 15/0875 issued by TZÚS on 20 June 2016: system 3, Class E, λD 0.038 (read on CIUR's UK site).[22] The 2011 ETA-11/0128 for Warmcel, held by Excel Industries, ran to 18 April 2016.[5][18] EOTA's register of currently valid ETAs lists ETA 15/0875 (version 1, 19/06/2016, holder CIUR a.s., assessment body TZÚS, EAD 040138-00-1201) with trade names including "Warmcell" as spelled there (seen 8 October 2026). The ETA PDF on CIUR's UK site is a faded scan we could not read, so its values are known only through the declaration of performance above.[19] |
Certificate numbers are taken from the documents named in the sources. The ETA, DoP and EPD texts were read. We opened EOTA's register for the three ETAs above, and IBU's public register lists the Isocell EPD. We found the ECIA collective EPD in neither the IBU register nor the International EPD System library, and the document names no programme operator, so its validity rests on the document alone. Confirm all certificates on the issuing body's records before specifying. Listing policy: editorial selection, not paid.
Frequently asked questions about cellulose insulation
What is cellulose insulation made of?
Recovered paper, shredded and mixed with mineral fire retardants. The Isocell EPD names recycled newspaper and gives 92 % paper and 8 % retardants; the ECIA collective EPD gives 85–95 % paper.
What is the thermal conductivity of cellulose insulation?
The assessments we read declare 0.037 to 0.038 W/(m·K) for dry-blown loose fill. National design values can differ, and the result depends on installed density.
Is cellulose insulation fireproof?
No. In the assessments we read it is Euroclass E in the basic case. Class B-s2, d0 applies only under stated conditions such as minimum thickness, density and substrate. Warmcel's datasheet states C-s1, d0 for the dry material, but its declaration of performance gives Class E.
Is cellulose insulation carbon negative?
At production, EPDs show a negative total because of stored paper carbon. Both EPDs return it at end of life, mainly through incineration, so the net depends on disposal.
Does cellulose insulation settle?
Yes. ETAs set minimum installed densities and report settling under impact, vibration and humidity cycles. Open lofts need extra depth, and walls need dense packing.
Is cellulose insulation safe to install?
Blowing creates dust, and a US NTP report recorded nose, eye and phlegm symptoms among a small group of US workers. Boric acid is listed as a substance of very high concern. Use dust control and protective equipment.
Which standards cover cellulose insulation?
EN 15101-1 covers in-situ loose-fill cellulose before installation. Products also use European Technical Assessments, and fire is classified under EN 13501-1.
The bottom line on cellulose insulation
Cellulose insulation is a documented loose-fill option with declared λ near 0.038 W/(m·K), assessments from public bodies and two EPDs. Its limits are fire class E unless conditions are met, settlement that sets minimum densities, moisture sensitivity and installation dust. Ask each supplier for the current ETA or DoP, the EPD and the fire test conditions for your build-up. For board and batt alternatives, see wood fibre and sheep wool.
Related materials
Sources
- Deutsches Institut für Bautechnik (DIBt) (26 April 2021). European Technical Assessment ETA-08/0009, thermal insulation made of loose, free cellulose fibres, trade names Climacell S, pure, akust, inside, sonic, Loft, Green Nature and others; holder CWA Cellulose Werk Angelbachtal GmbH; basis EAD 040138-01-1201; replaces the version of 14 April 2020. Source of λD, densities by application, reaction to fire conditions, settlement classes, moisture factors, μ, mould level, "no performance assessed" items and installer requirements. Independent technical assessment body; English translation by DIBt; full text read. PDF (dibt.de)
- ISOCELL GmbH & Co KG (signed 26.06.2023). Declaration of Performance No. 2023BE01, loose unbound cellulose fibre insulation according to ETA-06/0076 of 08.05.2018 (approval body OIB, EAD 040138-00-1201). Source of λD 0.037, settlement classes, μ 3, Euroclass E and B-s2, d0, mould class 0 and "npd" entries. Manufacturer document (company claims backed by the ETA); full text read. PDF (isocell.com)
- European Cellulose Insulation Association (ECIA) (December 2023). Collective Environmental Product Declaration, loose fill cellulose insulation, EN 15804+A2, 15 production sites in nine countries, declared unit 1 kg (41 kg/m³) and 1 m² at R 7 or R 3.5; LCA by WeLOOP; verified by Dr Frank Werner (individual verifier); validity 5 years. Source of composition ranges, installed densities, GWP per module and per m². Trade-association declaration, independently verified; full text read. It names no programme operator, and it is not listed in the IBU register or the International EPD System library (both searched 8 October 2026). PDF (copy hosted by distributor Ecological Building Systems)
- ISOCELL GmbH und Co KG (2025). Environmental Product Declaration, ISOCELL Zellulose Einblasdämmung (loose-fill cellulose), EN 15804+A2, declared unit 1 kg at 45 kg/m³, EPD-ISC-20240568-CCA1-EN, programme operator Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V. (IBU), issued 02/05/2025, valid to 01/05/2030, LCA by WeLOOP, external verifier Stephen Forson. Source of composition, GWP per module, biogenic carbon, boric acid, product mass for R 7. Manufacturer-authored, third-party verified; full text read. IBU's public register lists the declaration as published (issue 2 May 2025, valid until 1 May 2030; queried 8 October 2026). PDF (copy hosted by heinze.de)
- CIUR a.s. (21 November 2016). Technical data sheet, Warmcel (loose-fill cellulose), version for UK/EU sale. Source of λD, density ranges, settling rates, fire classes (including binder-sprayed cases), μ, specific heat capacity, additives. Manufacturer datasheet (company claims); no certificate number printed; full text read. PDF (ciur.co.uk)
- Estonian Centre for Standardisation and Accreditation (EVS), catalogue page for EVS-EN 15101-1:2013+A1:2019, "Thermal insulation products for buildings - In-situ formed loose fill cellulose (LFCI) products - Part 1: Specification for the products before installation": scope and exclusions (λ above 0.060 W/(m·K), R below 0.25 m²·K/W, factory-made batts, mats and boards); consolidated version dated 2 May 2019. Independent catalogue page; the standard text was not read. evs.ee
- Standard Norge, catalogue page for NS-EN 13501-1:2018, "Fire classification of construction products and building elements - Part 1: Classification using data from reaction to fire tests": published March 2019, replaces the 2007 and 2007+A1:2009 editions. Independent catalogue page; the standard text was not read. online.standard.no
- ISOCELL (2024 edition). Brochure "Cellulose: natural insulation" (English): national λ values for Austria/EU, Germany and Switzerland, plant locations. Manufacturer brochure; only the λ statement is used, as a claim. PDF (isocell.com)
- Vėjelis, S., Vaitkus, S., Lekūnaitė-Lukošiūnė, L., Stapulionienė, R. & Valivonis, J. (2016). "Assessment of structure and moisture influence on the properties of loose-fill cellulose insulation." Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 15(10):2301-2309. Independent peer-reviewed study; only the abstract on the first page of the journal PDF was read; the rest of the paper was not accessed. The DOI link currently ends on a dead page of the journal site, so the PDF is linked as well. PDF (journal site) · doi:10.30638/eemj.2016.251
- Petcu, C., Hegyi, A., Stoian, V. et al. (2023). "Research on Thermal Insulation Performance and Impact on Indoor Air Quality of Cellulose-Based Thermal Insulation Materials." Materials 16(15):5458. Independent peer-reviewed test of ten recycled cellulosic insulation materials (λ versus density, sorption, mould risk). Abstract read via Crossref; full text not accessed. doi:10.3390/ma16155458
- Rasmussen, T.V. (2003). "Verification of Density Predicted for Prevention of Settling of Loose-fill Cellulose Insulation in Walls." Journal of Building Physics (published at the time as Journal of Thermal Envelope and Building Science) 27(1):49-69. Independent peer-reviewed paper (empirical creep framework, full-scale wall tests). Abstract read via Crossref; full text not accessed. doi:10.1177/1097196303027001004
- European Organisation for Technical Assessment (EOTA), listing for ETA 06/0076, version 1 issued 07/05/2018: "In-situ formed loose fill thermal and/or acoustic insulation products made of vegetable fibres", holder Zellulosedämmstoffproduktion CPH Beteiligungs GmbH & Co KG (Hartberg, Austria), assessment body OIB, EAD 040138-00-1201, trade names including Isocell. Independent register entry (EOTA register seen 8 October 2026; the ETA text itself was not read). The same register lists ETA 08/0009 as version 2, 26/04/2021, holder CWA Cellulosewerk Angelbachtal GmbH, assessment body DIBt, EAD 040138-01-1201. eota.eu (06/0076) · eota.eu (08/0009)
- ACERMI (Association pour la certification des matériaux isolants) (revision D, in force from 01/02/2025). Product Guideline No. 14, bulk cellulose-based products according to EN 15101-1: certified characteristics, product-as-delivered scope, 600 mm thickness limit before settlement unless tested higher. Certification-scheme document; full text read. The scheme's certificate list (valid 2026-10-08) and certificate 12/D/151/779/10 (ISOCELL FRANCE, in-situ formed loose-fill cellulose, created 2025-05-16; λD 0.039 blowing, 0.041 injection and damp spraying; settlement class SH 25) were read on acermi.com. PDF (acermi.com) · certificate 12/D/151/779/10
- National Toxicology Program (US) (August 2006). Toxicity Study Report TOX-74, "Atmospheric Characterization, Particle Size, Chemical Composition, and Workplace Exposure Assessment of Cellulose Insulation": composition, respirable fraction under 0.1 %, worker symptoms, animal lung findings, conclusion on further studies. Independent government report; the abstract page was read, not the full report. Samples: bulk material from four US manufacturers and 10 US contractor sites. ntp.niehs.nih.gov
- Royal Institute of British Architects, award page "Silver Bark House" (RIBA Northern Ireland Award and Sustainability Award 2025): architect Marshall McCann Architects, client/contractor Four Seven Homes, walls and roofs insulated with cellulose, Passivhaus standards. Institute page; no insulation product or thickness named. riba.org
- Alliance for Sustainable Building Products (ASBP), case study "Kendal Passivhaus": designer Andrew Yeats (Ecoarc), Gutex wood fibre outside the studs, cellulose fibre between studs, wall U-value 0.103 W/m²K, certified to Passivhaus standards. Trade-body case study supplied with project partners; no date on the page; no monitoring data. asbp.org.uk
- 21 Degrees, case study "Treetops Passivhaus, Forest of Dean": Passiframe timber frame with Warmcel cellulose fibre insulation, dated 14 May 2011, awaiting Passivhaus certification at the time of writing, airtightness 0.21 ACH (final test). Project case study; thickness and U-values not given. 21degrees.com
- Deutsches Institut für Bautechnik (DIBt) (19 April 2011). European Technical Approval ETA-11/0128, loose cellulose fibres Cellisol 300, Cellisol 500, Warmcel, Zellofix, Ouatex; holder Excel Industries Limited (Wales); validity 19 April 2011 to 18 April 2016. Used only for holder and validity dates. Independent approval body; opening pages read; the approval has lapsed. PDF (dibt.de)
- European Organisation for Technical Assessment (EOTA), register listing for ETA 15/0875, version 1 issued 19/06/2016: "In-situ formed loose fill thermal and/or acoustic insulation products made of vegetable fibres", holder CIUR a.s. (Prague), assessment body TZÚS, EAD 040138-00-1201, trade names Climatizer plus, Unifloc, Warmcell, Thermocel, La cellulosa, Easycell, Celisol. Independent register entry seen 8 October 2026; the ETA text was not read and the listing shows no validity date. eota.eu
- European Organisation for Technical Assessment (EOTA), register listing for ETA 25/0127, version 1 issued 20/05/2025: "In-situ formed loose fill thermal and/or acoustic insulation products made of vegetable fibres", holder Isocell GmbH (Neumarkt am Wallersee, Austria), assessment body OIB, EAD 040138-01-1201, trade names Isocell 2.0, Trendisol 2.0 and others; and International EPD System registry entry EPD-IES-0026861:001, ISOCELL 2.0 (boric-free cellulose insulation produced in Sweden), owner Isocell Sverige AB, status Valid, version date 2026-03-06, validity date 2031-03-06. Independent register entries seen 8 October 2026; neither the ETA nor the EPD document was read. eota.eu · environdec.com
- Planning, Building & Construction Today (9 September 2015). "Cumbrian businesses join forces to create ultimate green home": a Kendal house by Ecological Building Systems, Eden Insulation and EcoArc Architects, second-highest airtightness result recorded in the UK at the time, timber-frame panels pre-filled with Warmcel. Trade-press article; does not state Passivhaus certification and does not name the house. pbctoday.co.uk
- CIUR a.s. (20 June 2016). Declaration of Performance No. 014CPR2016-06-20-CLIM, Warmcel, in-situ formed loose-fill cellulose insulation, ETA 15/0875 issued by Technický a zkušební ústav stavební Praha (TZÚS) on 20 June 2016 under EAD 040138-00-1201, assessment and verification system 3, signed by CIUR's production and research director. Source of the declared Class E, λD 0.038 W/(m·K) and the other declared values. Manufacturer document (company claims backed by the ETA); read as a scan on CIUR's UK site. The same page offers the ETA and an EPD for Climatizer Plus and Warmcel (EPD number 3013EPD-16-0539 on a partly faded cover, validity 1.12.2016 to 30.11.2021, so expired); neither was readable enough to cite. ciur.co.uk/download